FIFA World Cup: History maker Stephanie Frappart - meet the female referees at Qatar 2022
Women referees have been selected to officiate at the FIFA men's World Cup for the first time in history. Here are the top things you need to know about Yamashita Yoshimi, Salima Mukansanga and Stephanie Frappart.
Football
Three referees are making history as they will officiate at the men's football World Cup in Qatar.
Stephanie Frappart, Yamashita Yoshimi and Salima Mukansanga are among the 36 referees selected for the tournament.
The final is scheduled for December 18.
They will also be joined by Neuza Back of Brazil, Mexico's Karen Diaz Medina and American Kathryn Nesbitt who are headed to the World Cup as three of 69 assistant referees.
Here's what you need to know about FIFA's trailblazing officiating trio.
Stephanie Frappart
The French official is arguably one of the most recognised names listed for the 2022 World Cup.
Stephanie Frappart will become the first woman in history to officiate a men's World Cup match when Germany play Costa Rica on Thursday (1 December).
She was already the fourth official in Mexico's game with Poland earlier in the tournament.
The 38-year-old has a career littered with firsts, and in Qatar she will continue to blaze a trail in her wake.
Frappart took the reigns in her first final in 2019 at the World Cup in France, and went on to officiate at the UEFA Super Cup final in the same year.
In 2020 she made waves in the refereeing world, writing her name in the history books by becoming the first woman to take charge of a men's Champions League match. A year later, Frappart would lead the way as Atletico Madrid faced Chelsea in a second leg round of 16 tie in the women's UCL.
Before being announced as part of the plans for Qatar, she also refereed the 2022 Coupe de France final.
Frappart's conduct on the pitch speaks for itself, and has resulted in her winning IFFHS World's Best Woman Referee award three years on the bounce from 2019.
The presence of women officials at the men's World Cup will send a "strong" message, according to the Frenchwoman.
"It's a strong sign from FIFA and the authorities to have women referees in that country," she said, adding her hopes that this decision can "make things happen".
Yamashita Yoshimi
Japanese referee Yamashita Yomishi will appear at a second consecutive World Cup after officiating the 2019 Women's World Cup in France.
She also took charge at the 2020 Olympic Games, held in 2021, in a game between the United States and Sweden.
But refereeing in Qatar won't be the only time she has made history this year.
Yamashita was on the whistle for Melbourne City's 2-1 win over Jeonnam Dragons in the AFC Champions League, and FC Tokyo's 2-0 win over Kyoto Sanga in the J1 League - becoming the first female referee to do so.
The 36-year-old is relishing in the opportunity to be part of history, in spite of the pressures that come with it.
"There are hardly any female referees in the Middle East, so I would like to see that change, with the Qatar World Cup as the catalyst," she said.
"The fact that women are officiating for the first time at a men's World Cup is a sign to other people that women's potential is always growing and that is something I also feel strongly about."
Salima Mukansanga
Rwandan referee Salima Mukansanga has been officiating for FIFA since 2012.
But as a young girl, her dream was to play basketball professionally.
"I liked basketball and wanted to take it very seriously," she told New Times.
"But access to basketball infrastructure was hard, that's how I ended up in refereeing, which I have also never regretted."
And that decision has led her to the 2019 Women's World Cup, the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games, and now Qatar.
Much like Yamashita, she also involved in the Tokyo 2020 Olympics last year.
Mukansanga is no stranger to the world stage, having also taken charge at the men's Africa Cup of Nations earlier this year.
When named as an official for the 2019 WWC, she said: “Officiating at the World Cup is every referee’s dream," and for the trailblazing Rwandan, the dream continues next month.
Assistant referees at the World Cup
The trio will be joined by three more female officials as FIFA selects 69 assistant referees for the World Cup.
The aforementioned Back, Medina and Nesbitt will all write their names in the tournament's folklore.
Each of them have had their different routes into the profession, but will share a unified history-making moment when they officiate in Qatar.
Medina began her career in refereeing by pure chance, but believes it is a position that "makes you fall more and more in love every day [with football]."
USA's Nesbitt started refereeing as a summer job, but up until the 2019 WWC was a professor of chemistry.
In 2020, she was named the MLS Assistant Referee of the Year - becoming the first woman to achieve such a feat.
"It has been an absolute honour to have people say that I’ve become a role model for women," Nesbitt told FIFA.
37-year-old Back didn't even realise that she had been selected in the 69-name list until she heard it in the press.
"It's very cool, indescribable, it's a moment of joy, of gratitude, and also a little sense of responsibility," Back told the media.
Despite any outside pressures, all the ground-breaking officials selected for Qatar are relishing the opportunity to represent women referees in what could be a defining moment going forward.